The same report found that explicit discrimination is rare. Only two of 500 postings examined restricted candidates by identity, both at Enbridge. Postings that gave preference by identity made up under five per cent, and 20 of those came from a single insurer, Intact Financial. Discriminatory hiring practices “appear rare on the surface,” the report says, and companies largely preserve merit-based hiring. Leigh Revers, the report’s lead author, said companies talk about DEI more than they practise it. “It’s very much purely words and no actions,” he said. “They can talk all they like, but do they actually deliver on things? And the answer is no, not really. So they’re not really being especially discriminatory when it comes down to it.”