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Operation Epic Fury began on February 28, 2026, with an opening salvo of combined-arms attacks executed by American and Israeli forces against 1,000 targets in Iran. Within hours of the opening salvo, Iran launched massive waves of ballistic missiles and one-way attack drones across the region. Iran explicitly targeted the coalition network, sending severe retaliatory missile barrages directly into Al Udeid, Ali Al Salem, and Al Dhafra Air Bases.
The combined air operations center at Al Udeid Air coordinated electronic warfare efforts in advance of the assault and synchronized the strike waves. Bombers and fighters launched from Al Dhafra and Muwaffaq Al Salti to hit enemy positions alongside supporting air tankers. Meanwhile, airlifters cycled around the clock in and out of Ali Al Salem’s airfield to support operations.
Muwaffaq Al Salti Air Base
Historic landmark of Jordanian aviation under fire
First used as an airstrip in 1918 by none other than Lawrence of Arabia, Muwaffaq Al Salti is built around the historic castle in Azraq. It has served as the main operating site of the Royal Jordanian Air Force since 1976. It began large-scale expansion in 2019 thanks to funding from the US Air Force. Today, MSAB is the primary regional home for US Air Force tactical fighter jet squadrons, including heavily deployed F-15E Strike Eagles, F-16 Fighting Falcons, and A-10 Thunderbolt IIs.
To protect the massive buildup of fighter jets, the Pentagon established a dense, multi-layered air defense grid at MSAB. The base claims to have successfully defended itself from over half a dozen ballistic missile strikes launched by Iran since the beginning of OEF. The facility is perfectly situated along the main geographical corridor connecting Iran to Israel, making its fighter wings the first line of defense to intercept Iranian cruise missiles and one-way attack drones. Unfortunately, due to its major role in tactical air operations, the installation has come under persistent and heavy fire.
On the night of July 17, 2026, Iran launched a massive barrage of intermediate-range ballistic missiles. Video circulated online shows multiple munitions bypassing the defensive ‘dome’ over the airfield and detonating inside the perimeter of MSAB. As a result, it has been confirmed that three American service members were killed and four were severely wounded, according to CBS News. In retaliation for the deadly attack, the volume of American airstrikes has intensified.
President Donald Trump and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth have rapidly escalated the air campaign, with the US military executing its ninth consecutive night of punishing airstrikes inside Iranian territory. Shifting away from strictly pinpoint military targets, warplanes have begun hitting bridges, power stations, and electrical infrastructure. This strategy aims to physically isolate southern Iranian provinces and cripple the regime’s logistics. Given this recent escalation, when a military or diplomatic end to hostilities under OEF may come remains unclear.
Ali Al Salem Air Base
Friendly fire over Kuwait’s airlift hub
Ali Al Salem, nicknamed ‘The Rock,’ made headlines for the most infamous friendly fire incident of the entire conflict. About 6 miles (10 km) outside the fence line of the installation in Kuwait, three Boeing F-15E Strike Eagles were shot down by surface-to-air missiles in the confusion caused by the target saturation caused by Iranian ballistic missiles and nearly 300 strike drones. Videos of the fighter jets being shot down and pilots recovered on the ground by local forces went viral.
Dramatic footage emerged online of the planes’ wings or tails being blown off and engulfed in flames, with aircraft entering flat spins as the pilots ejected. Fighter jets were approaching ASAB to recover from a strike mission, and it is believed that the friend or foe digital handshake failed due to the chaos in the battle space.
Since the F-15Es were flying low and fast, the automated defense systems guarding the facility perimeter mistook them for incoming Iranian cruise missiles. Because the ejections happened at a low altitude right before impact, one of the Air Force pilots parachuted down and landed in the dirt directly outside the base’s perimeter fence line. Fortunately, all aircrew were recovered with no life-threatening injuries.
Putting aside the notoriety the base earned during these dramatic events, ASAB acted as the critical hub for OEF airlift ops. The airfield hosts an impressive fleet of Lockheed C-130J Super Hercules belonging to the 386th Air Expeditionary Wing, which manages all incoming cargo and personnel movements across the Middle East. Virtually every service member deploying to or rotating out of CENTCOM passes through The Rock. On top of supply runs between sites, the C-130s stationed here also routinely fly low-altitude, high-risk routes into austere, unpaved runways near the frontline.
As 21st Century Air Warfare has shown an increasing reliance on uncrewed aircraft, ASAB has steadily seen a rising presence of drones alongside its many transport planes. The base operates large fleets of American and coalition MQ-9A Reaper drones. These drones provide targeting data and persistent surveillance over Iran to any battlefield commander in the CENTCOM theater connected to the coalition data link network. These drones have suffered a high attrition rate against Iranian forces and are expected to be replaced with new aircraft under the Department of Defense drone dominance plan.
Al Dhafra Air Base
The stronghold of heavies in the United Arab Emirates
Al Dhafra’s primary mission during OEF was keeping coalition strike packages fueled and armed during the massive air campaign over Iran. Operating a large fleet of KC-135 Stratotankers, Al Dhafra functioned as an aerial gas station. Refueling wings operating out of Al Dhafra proved indispensable as the campaign wore on. These ‘heavies’ are crucial for supporting the missions of bombers, fighter jets, and other aircraft like airborne early warning platforms.
The base is also notable for the presence of Lockheed U-2 Dragon Lady spy planes as well as the advanced Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk drones. While the Skunk Works spyplane is instantly recognizable for its Cold War fame, the RQ-4 is an equally vital asset in the combined intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance network. By keeping these planes with their advanced sensor suites airborne over the front line, Al Dhafra directly helps sustain a 24/7 battlefield ‘picture’ for all of CENTCOM.
The US Air Force has a force of Boeing E-3 Sentry airborne early warning and control jets stationed at Al Dhafra to provide constant radar coverage to identify airborne targets across the theater. The UAE also has a contingent of Saab GlobalEye AEW jets that support the American E-3s in the same mission set. Due to the presence of all these high-value platforms, the base has been repeatedly targeted by Iranian strikes.
Simultaneously with the American opening salvo, Iran fired dozens of ballistic missiles and drones directly at Al Dhafra, sending smoke pluming over the outskirts of Abu Dhabi. Iran has launched swarms of cheap Shahed-136 loitering munitions alongside ballistic missiles to overwhelm the base’s Patriot and THAAD missile batteries.
At least four heavily reinforced aircraft hangars have suffered direct hits to date, with one GlobalEye AEW jet believed to have been destroyed by a low-cost suicide drone known as the Shahed-136 gas station. Defense Security Asia reported that hangars for the U-2 and RQ-9 drones were also severely damaged in the same strike. Barracks for USAF troops were also damaged, and personnel and aircraft have been relocated until facilities can be repaired and defenses reevaluated.
Al Udeid Air Base
The long arm of air force central command
Over 5,000 total targets were struck within the first 10 days of OEF, heavily suppressing Iran’s capabilities. Al Udeid served as one of the most important bases in the network of the joint coalition, with approximately 10,000 American troops posted on site. According to MilitaryBases.com, the installation features the longest military airstrip in the Middle East with a 15,000-foot (4,572 meters) runway capable of accommodating even the largest transports or bombers.
During the initial air campaign against Iran, Al Udeid acted as the command-and-control (C2) brain. The Combined Air Operations Center located at Al Udeid monitors and directs all allied airspace, drone flights, and strike packages across the theater. It even features an underground hangar complex capable of sheltering up to 40 tactical fighter jets simultaneously. Because of its strategic value, Iran has prioritized targeting Al Udeid during its retaliatory operations.
Turkish outlet Anadolu Ajansı reported on July 17th that the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps claimed to have struck a long-range radar as well as hangars at Al Udeid. Although actual battle damage is unconfirmed, there has been a significant withdrawal of the US Air Force’s vulnerable Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker because of the risk posed to the big jets on the ground. It was also reported in at least one air-to-air encounter that Qatari F-15s shot down two Iranian Su-24 Fencer attack jets attempting to hit the airfield.
In addition to the CAOC, Al Udeid is host to the US Central Command and the US Air Force’s Central Command. To better defend the base’s critical facilities, Qatar has also committed to a multi-billion dollar plan that will dramatically expand the facility. Qatar and the US Army Corps of Engineers are currently vetting contractors to build heavily fortified, underground, blast-proof combat center buildings to withstand future regional ballistic missile threats, according to the House of Saud.
