Since its establishment, the risks OSFI manages have outgrown the capital-and-credit toolkit of traditional supervision. Its new integrity and security powers address threats like foreign interference. Then there are intensifying cyber threats, physical and transition risks of climate change, and the growing call to loosen capital requirements to spur business lending. Each demands trade-offs between stability, competitiveness, resilience and public confidence that no single person, however able, should be left to weigh alone.