Andøya’s location near a rich offshore fishery has also generated tension. The skipper of the longline fishing boat within the launch hazard area during Isar’s March launch attempt told local media he stayed in the keep-out zone to retrieve tangled gear. He also refused to leave the area where a German bombing exercise was set to occur last October, but rejected any accusation of sabotage.

The test range is an important part of Norway’s military partnership with Germany. Olafur Einarsson, captain of the fishing vessel, argued for local interests in an interview with the newspaper Kyst og Fjord: “For us fishermen, this is our workplace, and then they come here and want to use the same area. We have gotten a bad neighbor, you could say.”

Friction between the launch and fishing industries is nothing new. In the early years of Japan’s space program, launches from the country’s primary spaceport were limited to certain months based on fishing seasons near Tanegashima Island. The restrictions remained for decades until an agreement in 2010 opened the way for year-round launches.

Isar Aerospace is at the head of a pack of emerging European rocket companies seeking to make the continent’s once-strong commercial launch industry competitive again. Several other companies—Germany’s Rocket Factory Augsburg, France’s MaiaSpace, and Spain’s PLD Space, among others—are developing their own small satellite launchers to provide a lower-cost alternative to Arianespace and Avio, Europe’s incumbent launch providers.

Isar’s Spectrum rocket is the only one that has launched on a test flight. The rocket’s first launch in March 2025 lasted less than a minute before crashing near the launch pad. Engineers identified the unintentional opening of a vent valve and a loss of attitude control as the cause of the failure.

There were no customer payloads onboard the failed Spectrum launch last year. This time, Isar has placed five small CubeSats and a non-separating technology experiment into the Spectrum rocket’s payload fairing. The second test flight is supported by the European Space Agency’s “Boost!” program and the German Aerospace Center’s Microlauncher Competition, which provide funding for commercial space transport initiatives.

Isar Aerospace is set to receive up to 205 million euros ($238 million) from ESA through the European Launcher Challenge program, augmenting the company’s private fundraising and financing rounds worth more than 800 million euros (nearly $1 billion), including 270 million euros ($313 million) announced just last week. This makes Isar, by far, the most well-capitalized private launch company in Europe.

Isar is not hurting for money, but it is sorely lacking in the currency of flight experience. When it finally happens, the next launch will seek to remedy that problem.