The jail is in the rural Black Belt, surrounded by fields and catfish farms. The getaway driver parked a silver Honda near a church on a country road about 100 yards from the jail, he said.

Around 1 a.m. on Saturday, the man faked his seizure inside a dormitory-style holding facility with about 50 bunk beds. Inmates knocked on a door to alert the guards. When it opened, the four men ran through, racing to the fences.

Once the men piled into the Honda, the driver sped toward Selma.

Using surveillance footage, officers identified the license plate of the getaway car, and as Sheriff Granthum patrolled Selma, the silver Honda drove by around 2:30 a.m. He pulled the car over and arrested Keivona Lewis, charging her with hindering prosecution. She was also charged with assisting or permitting an escape, according to Robert H. Turner Jr., the area’s district attorney.

The escapees were not in the vehicle, but Ms. Lewis provided clues about where they might be, Sheriff Granthum said.

Later on Saturday, the authorities got a break. In Midfield, Ala., near Birmingham, license plate readers identified a vehicle that had been stolen in Selma and local officers took Mr. Bush, 29, into custody.

By Sunday evening, Mr. Maxwell, 21, had called the police and arranged to turn himself in.

Mr. Billingsley, 24, and Mr. Gunn, 19, remained free. They could be armed, Sheriff Granthum said, and desperate.