The EU previously disputed the potential impact of its proposed measures, saying they would only be applied to specific substances in light of an impact assessment on a case-by-case basis, while the preliminary study looks at such restrictions more broadly. In an emailed statement last week, a Commission spokesperson said the bloc will take into account the importance of preserving the EU’s food security and possible trade implications, while imports of commodities not produced in the EU, like coffee, or feeds the economy relies on will not be affected.