“The patients I worry about are those who need bypass the most and have the least available grafts,” said Matthew Soule, MD, Associate Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery at the University of Minnesota, a Vascudyne medical advisor, and a co-author on the study. “Someone comes in with diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, veins that were harvested fifteen years ago, and that means bypass with an unhealthy vessel, or an incomplete revascularization, or we do not offer the operation at all. Every cardiac surgeon has had that conversation with a patient and their family.”