Deep Drilling Identifies Gold Bearing Structure at Tomingley


Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Sampling techniques • Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut channels, random chips, or specific specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of sampling. Drilling at Roswell Western MZD Inferred Resources as part of mine development underground drilling was NQ2. Exploration diamond core drilling was HQ3.

DD sample intervals were defined by site geologists during logging to honour geological boundaries with whole core sampled on intervals defined by the geologist.

RC and AC samples are collected at one metre intervals via a cyclone on the rig. The cyclone is cleaned regularly to minimise any contamination

• Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used. Sampling and QAQC procedures are carried out using Alkane protocols as per industry best practice. • Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public Report. In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has been done this would be relatively simple (eg ‘reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other cases more explanation may be required, such as where there is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed information. Core was laid out in suitably labelled core trays. A core marker (core block) was placed at the end of each drilled run (nominally 3m) and labelled with the hole number, down hole depth, length of drill run. Core was aligned and measured by tape, comparing back to this down hole depth consistent with industry standards. Half core is sampled with a Corewise automatic core saw.
RC and AC Drilling – the total sample (~20-30kg) is delivered via cyclone into a large plastic bag which is retained for future use if required. A sub-sample of approximately 1kg is spear sampled from each plastic bag and composited to make a 3 metres sample interval. If strong mineralisation is observed by the site geologist this is sampled as a final 1m interval instead.
Gold was determined by fire assay fusion of a 50g charge with an AAS analytical finish.

A multi-element suite was determined using either aqua regia or a multi-acid digest with a ICP Atomic Emission Spectrometry or ICP Mass Spectrometry analytical finish..

Drilling techniques • Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc). Reverse circulation (RC) drilling using 110mm rods 144mm face sampling hammer.

Triple tube diamond drilling with PQ3/HQ3 wireline bit producing 83mm diameter (PQ3) and 61.1mm diameter (HQ3) sized orientated core (using a Reflex orientation tool). In areas of deep cover, the collars were emplaced using mud rotary through the cover sequence and not sampled. Underground drilling at Roswell were drilled using NQ2.

Air-core (AC) drilling using 89mm rods and bit to refusal.

Drill sample recovery • Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results assessed. DD – core loss was identified by drillers and calculated by geologists when logging. Core was only lost in the saprolite for approximately ≥95% recovery in the oxide material.

RC and AC sample quality is assessed by the sampler by visual approximation of sample recovery and if the sample is dry, damp or wet.

• Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the samples. Sample quality is qualitatively logged.

A high capacity RC rig was used to enable dry samples collected. Drill cyclone is cleaned between rod changes and after each hole to minimise cross-hole contamination.

A high capacity AC rig was used to maximise penetration through the clays to refusal on fresh bedrock. Drill cyclone was cleaned after each hole to minimise cross-hole contamination.

Triple tube coring is used at all times to maximise core recovery for diamond drilling. All NQ2 core was whole sampled to ensure representativity of sampling.

• Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material. There is no known relationship between sample recovery and grade. Logging • Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. DD – all core was laid out in core trays and geologically logged for characteristics such as lithology, weathering, alteration (type, character and intensity), veining (type, character and intensity) and mineralisation (type, character and volume percentage). A brief geotechnical log was also undertaken collecting parameters such as core recovery, RQD, fracture count, and fracture type and orientation.

RC/AC – Each one metre interval is geologically logged for characteristics such as lithology, weathering, alteration (type, character and intensity), veining (type, character and intensity) and mineralisation (type, character and volume percentage).

• Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc) photography. Mostly logging was qualitative with visual estimates of the various characteristics. In addition, magnetic susceptibility data (quantitative) was collected as an aid for logging.
All drill holes were geologically logged into Geobank Mobile, followed by validation before importing into Alkane’s central Geobank database.

All drill holes were logged by qualified and experienced geologists.

• The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged. All drill holes were logged in full, except for the mud rotary technique through the cover sequence. Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation • If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken. HQ core sawn with half core samples submitted for analysis. NQ2 core whole sampled and submitted for analysis. • If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or dry. Each one metre interval is spear sampled with 3m composite samples collected in a calico sample bag and forwarded to the laboratory. Where strong mineralisation is observed by the site geologist, instead of compositing, this is individually sampled from the cone splitter on the RC rig as a 1 metre interval into a calico bag and forwarded to the laboratory.

Laboratory Preparation – the entire sample (~3kg) is dried and pulverised in an LM5 (or equivalent) to ≥85% passing 75µm. Bulk rejects for all samples are discarded. A pulp sample (±100g) is stored for future reference.

• For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample preparation technique. Samples were delivered to ALS Minerals Laboratory, Orange NSW. Crushed with 70% <2mm (ALS code CRU-31), split by riffle splitter (ALS code SPL-21), and pulverised 1000grm to 85% <75um (ALS code PUL-32). Crushers and pulverisers are washed with QAQC tests undertaken (ALS codes CRU-QC, PUL-QC). • Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maximise representivity of samples. Internal QAQC system in place to determine accuracy and precision of assays. • Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling. Entire core sampling was undertaken for NQ2. Non-biased core cutting for HQ using an orientation line marked on the core.

Duplicate RC and AC samples are collected for both composite intervals and re-split intervals.

• Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled. Sample sizes are considered appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled. Quality of assay data and laboratory tests • The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or total. All samples were analysed by ALS Minerals.

Gold is determined using a 50g charge fused at approximately 1100°C with alkaline fluxes, including lead oxide. The resultant prill is dissolved in aqua regia with gold determined by flame AAS.

Other geochemical elements, DD core and bottom of hole AC samples are digested by near-total mixed acid digest with each element determined by ICP Atomic Emission Spectrometry or ICP Mass Spectrometry. RC and AC samples are digested by aqua regia with a ICP Atomic Emission Spectrometry for As, Cu, Fe, Ni, P, Pb only.

• For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc. Not applicable to this report or deposit as no geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments were used. • Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and precision have been established. Commercially prepared Certified Reference Materials (CRM) are inserted at 1 in 40 samples. CRM’s are not identifiable to the laboratory.

Field duplicate samples are inserted at 1 in 40 samples (alternate to CRM’s).

Laboratory QAQC sampling includes insertion of CRM samples, internal duplicates and screen tests. This data is reported for each sample submission.

Failed standards result in re-assaying of portions of the affected sample batches.

Assaying and laboratory procedure techniques are consideredtotal].

Verification of sampling and assaying
  • The verification of significant intersections by either independent or alternative company personnel.
Drill data was compiled and collated and reviewed by senior staff. External consultants do not routinely verify data until resource estimation procedures are deemed necessary
  • The use of twinned holes.
Twinned holes have not been used for this drilling.
  • Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols.
All drilling data at Tomingley is stored in a “Datashed” Microsoft SQL database.

All primary assay data was received from the laboratory as electronic data files which were imported into sampling database with verification procedures in place. QAQC analysis was undertaken for each laboratory report.

Digital copies of Certificates of Analysis (COA) are stored in a central database with regular (daily) backup. Original survey data is stored on site.

Data was also verified on import into mining related software.

  • Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
No assay data was adjusted. Location of data points
  • Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation.
Underground drill holes were laid out by underground survey. Surface drillholes are laid out using hand-held GPS (accuracy ±2m) then all RC and DD collars are DGPS surveyed accurately (± 0.1m) by trained surveyors on completion.

Drill holes were surveyed during drilling to maintain drilling direction. Diamond drill holes are multi-shot at 6m intervals on retrieval of rod string using a multi shot electronic camera.

  • Specification of the grid system used.
GDA94, MGA (Zone 55).
  • Quality and adequacy of topographic control.
The area is very flat. A site based digital terrain model was developed from accurate (± 0.1m) survey control by licenced surveyors. Topographic control is considered adequate. Data spacing and distribution
  • Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results.
Infill drilling at the Roswell Western MZD is completed on a pattern of 10m x 15m pattern. At the other targets, the exploration stage is early and data spacing is variable with the focus on identifying new zones of mineralisation.
  • Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied.
The mineralisation domains tested by this drilling is classified as Inferred based on its data distribution and hosted in the same monzodiorite domain. All the new drilling intersected the monzodiorite host and their spacing and distribution will be sufficient to further inform this Inferred resource mineralisation domain.

All the other results are early stage, reconnaissance drilling, and as such are spaced to test strike and dip extents of any significant mineralisation.

  • Whether sample compositing has been applied.
DD – diamond core interval samples are based on geological logging, and are simple intervals as described earlier in the table.

RC – samples with no visible mineralisation or alteration are composited to 3m with 1m resamples assayed if the composite returned a gold value of >0.2g/t gold. One metre samples override 3m composites in the database.

Orientation of data in relation to geological structure
  • Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of possible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the deposit type.
At Roswell, much care was given to attempt to intersect mineralisation at an optimal angle but location of drill drives is the major determination of intersection angle. Most holes are 80% of true thickness.

At other targets, drilling suggests a broadly sub vertical geometry at most prospects.

  • If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material.
It is not thought that drilling direction will bias assay data. Sample security
  • The measures taken to ensure sample security.
All samples were bagged in tied numbered calico bags, grouped into larger tied polyweave bags and transported to the laboratory in Orange by courier. Sample submission sheets were delivered with the samples and also emailed to the laboratory. All sample submissions were documented via ALS tracking system and all assays were reported via email.

Sample pulps were returned to site and were stored for an appropriate length of time (minimum 3 years).

The Company has in place protocols to ensure data security.

Audits or reviews
  • The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data.
The Company does not routinely have external consultants verify exploration data until resource estimation procedures are deemed necessary.      



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